Compare measured diameters and axis offset to estimate concentricity deviation, tolerance utilization and numerical acceptance.
| Item | Value | Meaning |
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Concentricity describes the relationship between the theoretical centers or axes of circular features. A concentric component has its relevant circular features sharing the same theoretical center or axis.
In practical metal inspection, concentricity concerns can occur in stepped shafts, sleeves, tubes, bores, housings, turned components and other parts containing multiple circular features.
This tool uses the entered measured center or axis offset as the estimated radial concentricity deviation. It then compares that deviation with the specified radial tolerance.
For a diametral interpretation, the corresponding deviation is twice the radial offset.
The reference diameter represents the nominal or reference circular feature used for the comparison. The measured diameter represents the actual measured size of the corresponding feature.
The difference between these diameter values is useful dimensional information, but diameter size difference alone does not establish concentricity. Axis or center alignment is what determines the estimated concentricity deviation in this calculator.
Remaining tolerance shows how much radial allowance is available after the measured axis offset is considered.
A positive value means tolerance remains. Zero means the measurement is exactly at the entered limit. A negative value indicates that the entered limit has been exceeded.
Tolerance utilization expresses the measured radial offset as a percentage of the specified radial tolerance.
For example, an axis offset of 0.04 mm against a 0.10 mm radial limit uses 40% of the entered numerical tolerance.
Stepped shafts and sleeves can contain multiple diameters that are intended to share a common axis. Machining setup, chuck alignment, fixture errors and material movement can introduce eccentricity between those features.
For tubes, sleeves and hollow components, the relationship between the inner and outer cylindrical features can be important for wall uniformity and assembly performance.
Measured wall thickness variation can provide useful evidence about eccentricity, but actual concentricity acceptance should follow the specified inspection method and drawing requirement.
Concentricity and runout are different geometric controls. Runout evaluates variation relative to a datum axis during rotation, while concentricity concerns the relationship of theoretical centers or axes.
A component can therefore require a runout check even when a simple center-offset calculation appears acceptable.
Circularity describes the form of an individual circular feature. Concentricity concerns the relationship between two or more relevant centers or axes.
A perfectly round feature can still be eccentric relative to another circular feature.
This is a simplified numerical concentricity checker. It uses the entered axis or center offset as the estimated radial deviation and does not perform a full GD&T tolerance-zone evaluation.
The reference and measured diameters are displayed for dimensional context, but their difference is not treated as concentricity error.
What is concentricity? It describes how closely relevant circular features share a common theoretical center or axis.
Does diameter difference determine concentricity? No. Diameter difference is a dimensional characteristic. Concentricity concerns the relationship between centers or axes.
How is radial deviation calculated here? The entered measured axis or center offset is used as the estimated radial concentricity deviation.
What is diametral deviation? For the simplified radial-offset model, diametral deviation is twice the radial axis offset.
Can this check shafts and tubes? Yes. It is intended for preliminary numerical checks of circular metal components when the relevant measurements are known.
Is concentricity the same as runout? No. Runout and concentricity are separate geometric characteristics.
Does PASS certify the component? No. It only confirms that the entered numerical offset is within the entered tolerance.