Choose a sensible verification path based on the value of the item, its construction and the evidence you already have. The tool prioritizes independent evidence and escalates higher-risk cases to stronger testing.
Build a practical verification sequence.
A simple solid bar is easier to evaluate with density than a hollow bracelet containing stones or a layered plated piece. The more complex the construction, the less useful simplistic whole-object assumptions become.
Hallmarks can be copied, magnets are nonspecific and density can be distorted by construction. XRF and professional analysis provide a different kind of evidence, which is why escalation matters when the financial risk is high.
XRF is particularly useful when elemental composition matters and nondestructive analysis is preferred. GIA notes that XRF can identify and quantify elements when properly calibrated, while measurement conditions and sampling still matter. 7
It depends on the item and the level of certainty required.
A magnet can be used as a quick preliminary screen, but it provides much less information.
It provides physical evidence but can be misleading on complex pieces.
When composition matters enough to justify professional testing.
No.